{"id":38208,"date":"2025-03-19T07:17:45","date_gmt":"2025-03-19T07:17:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/?p=38208"},"modified":"2025-03-20T04:29:06","modified_gmt":"2025-03-20T04:29:06","slug":"guide-to-optical-parameters-production-surface-and-material-specifications","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/cs\/guide-to-optical-parameters-production-surface-and-material-specifications\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u016fvodce optick\u00fdmi parametry: Specifikace v\u00fdroby, povrchu a materi\u00e1lu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Zaveden\u00ed<\/h2>

Optimalizace v\u00fdkonu a kontrola n\u00e1klad\u016f optick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f z\u00e1vis\u00ed na p\u0159esn\u00e9 kontrole v\u00fdrobn\u00edch specifikac\u00ed, povrchov\u00fdch specifikac\u00ed a materi\u00e1lov\u00fdch specifikac\u00ed. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch norem ISO a pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch postup\u016f tento \u010dl\u00e1nek systematicky analyzuje t\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed syst\u00e9my parametr\u016f optick\u00fdch komponent, pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 definici, klasifika\u010dn\u00ed standardy a skute\u010dn\u00fd dopad 15 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch indik\u00e1tor\u016f. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm porovn\u00e1n\u00ed datov\u00fdch tabulek, citac\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch specifikac\u00ed a anal\u00fdzy p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f poskytuje provediteln\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro n\u00e1vrh, v\u00fdrobu a n\u00e1kup optiky, pom\u00e1h\u00e1 podnik\u016fm vyv\u00e1\u017eit v\u00fdkon a n\u00e1klady a zlep\u0161it konkurenceschopnost na trhu.<\/p>

V\u00fdrobn\u00ed specifikace: Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed k\u00e1men mechanick\u00e9 adaptace a stability optick\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy<\/h2>

V\u00fdrobn\u00ed specifikace p\u0159\u00edmo ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed mechanickou kompatibilitu a p\u0159esnost optick\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy optick\u00fdch komponent a je t\u0159eba dos\u00e1hnout dynamick\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1hy mezi proveditelnost\u00ed v\u00fdroby, cenou a v\u00fdkonem.<\/p>

1.\u00a0Tolerance pr\u016fm\u011bru: Prvn\u00ed linie obrany pro p\u0159esnost instalace<\/strong><\/h3>

\"tolerance<\/p>

Tolerance pr\u016fm\u011bru definuje povolen\u00fd rozsah odchylky vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho pr\u016fm\u011bru optick\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1sti, kter\u00fd p\u0159\u00edmo ovliv\u0148uje p\u0159esnost vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 osy a optick\u00e9 osy. Pokud je tolerance p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e1, optick\u00e1 osa se m\u016f\u017ee posunout o v\u00edce ne\u017e 0,5\u00b0, co\u017e zp\u016fsob\u00ed zkreslen\u00ed obrazu. Normy tolerance pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b p\u0159esnosti jsou n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>
\u00darove\u0148 kvality<\/th>Toleran\u010dn\u00ed rozsah (mm)<\/th>Typick\u00e9 aplika\u010dn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Gener\u00e1l<\/td>+0.00\/-0.10<\/td>Spot\u0159ebn\u00ed \u010do\u010dky, osv\u011btlovac\u00ed syst\u00e9my<\/td><\/tr>
P\u0159esnost<\/td>+0.00\/-0.05<\/td>Objektiv mikroskopu, modul kamery<\/td><\/tr>
Vysok\u00e1 kvalita<\/td>+0.000\/-0.010<\/td>Laserov\u00fd kolim\u00e1tor, astronomick\u00fd dalekohled<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

V\u011bc<\/strong>: \u010co\u010dka s odchylkou pr\u016fm\u011bru v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 0,1 mm m\u016f\u017ee b\u011bhem instalace zp\u016fsobit posun v m\u00edst\u011b o 50 \u03bcm, co\u017e m\u00e1 vliv na p\u0159esnost \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed laserem.<\/p>

2.\u00a0Tlou\u0161\u0165ka st\u0159edu a polom\u011br zak\u0159iven\u00ed: Du\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko pro n\u00e1vrh optick\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy<\/strong><\/h3>
  • Tolerance tlou\u0161\u0165ky st\u0159edu<\/strong>: S ka\u017ed\u00fdm zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm odchylky o 0,1 mm se sf\u00e9rick\u00e1 aberace zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed o 15 %:<\/li><\/ul>
    \u00darove\u0148 kvality<\/th>Toleran\u010dn\u00ed rozsah (mm)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Gener\u00e1l<\/td>\u00b10,20<\/td><\/tr>
    P\u0159esnost<\/td>\u00b10,050<\/td><\/tr>
    Vysok\u00e1 p\u0159esnost<\/td>\u00b10,010<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
    • Tolerance polom\u011bru zak\u0159iven\u00ed<\/strong>: Vysoce p\u0159esn\u00e9 \u010do\u010dky mus\u00ed b\u00fdt \u0159\u00edzeny v rozmez\u00ed \u00b10,01 %, jinak m\u016f\u017ee odchylka ohniskov\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti dos\u00e1hnout 1 %. Pokud je nap\u0159\u00edklad chyba objektivu s polom\u011brem zak\u0159iven\u00ed 100 mm \u00b10,1 mm, ohniskov\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost se zm\u011bn\u00ed o 0,3 mm.<\/li><\/ul>

      3.\u00a0Zkosen\u00ed a \u010dist\u00e1 clona: Spole\u010dn\u00fd design ochrany a \u00fa\u010dinnosti<\/strong><\/h3>

      \"zkosen\u00ed\"<\/p>

      Zkosen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zabr\u00e1nit po\u0161kozen\u00ed hran a jeho \u0161\u00ed\u0159ku je t\u0159eba \u0159\u00eddit podle klasifikace pr\u016fm\u011bru:<\/p>
      Rozsah pr\u016fm\u011bru (mm)<\/th>Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka zkosen\u00ed (mm)<\/th>Pou\u017eiteln\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      3:00\u20135:00<\/td>0.1<\/td>Pole mikro\u010do\u010dek<\/td><\/tr>
      5.01\u201325.4<\/td>0.25<\/td>Objektiv fotoapar\u00e1tu<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

      \u010cist\u00e1 clona mus\u00ed zajistit \u00fa\u010dinnou plochu v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 90 % pr\u016fm\u011bru, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo okrajov\u00fdm defekt\u016fm zp\u016fsoben\u00fdm rozptylem sv\u011bteln\u00e9 energie:<\/p>

      \"jasn\u00e1<\/p>
      Pr\u016fm\u011br (mm)<\/th>Jasn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky na clonu<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      3:00\u201310:00<\/td>\u226590 % pr\u016fm\u011br<\/td><\/tr>
      \u226550,01<\/td>Pr\u016fm\u011br - 1,5mm<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

      Specifikace povrchu: P\u0159enosov\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzec od mikroskopick\u00fdch defekt\u016f k v\u00fdkonu syst\u00e9mu<\/h2>

      Kvalita povrchu p\u0159\u00edmo ur\u010duje rozptyl sv\u011btla, \u00fa\u010dinnost absorpce a pr\u00e1h po\u0161kozen\u00ed laserem a je p\u0159ed\u011blem \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdch optick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>

      1.\u00a0Kvalita povrchu: Kvantitativn\u00ed t\u0159\u00edd\u011bn\u00ed \u0161kr\u00e1banc\u016f a d\u016flk\u016f<\/strong><\/h3>

      \"kvalita<\/p>

      Podle normy MIL-PRF-13830B jsou povrchov\u00e9 vady klasifikov\u00e1ny \u0161kr\u00e1b\u00e1n\u00edm:<\/p>
      Stupe\u0148<\/th>\u0160\u00ed\u0159ka po\u0161kr\u00e1b\u00e1n\u00ed (\u03bcm)<\/th>Pr\u016fm\u011br d\u016flku (\u03bcm)<\/th>Pou\u017eiteln\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      80-50<\/td>\u226480<\/td>\u2264500<\/td>Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 osv\u011btlen\u00ed<\/td><\/tr>
      60-40<\/td>\u226460<\/td>\u2264400<\/td>L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fd endoskop<\/td><\/tr>
      20-10<\/td>\u226420<\/td>\u2264100<\/td>Vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00fd laserov\u00fd reflektor<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

      Experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed data<\/strong>: Ve vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00fdch laserov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech se riziko po\u0161kozen\u00ed optick\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed po\u0161kr\u00e1b\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00edm stupe\u0148 60-40 zvy\u0161uje 3kr\u00e1t.<\/p>

      2.\u00a0Plochost a clonov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo: P\u0159esn\u00fd k\u00f3d interferometrie<\/strong><\/h3>

      \"rovinnost<\/p>

      • Plochost<\/strong>: M\u011b\u0159eno ve vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lce (\u03bb), detekovan\u00e9 optick\u00fdm ploch\u00fdm krystalem. Vysoce p\u0159esn\u00e1 plochost mus\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout \u03bb\/20 (\u224831,65 nm) a ka\u017ed\u00fd prou\u017eek odpov\u00edd\u00e1 odchylce \u00bd\u03bb.<\/li>
      • Clonov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong>: Po\u010det Newtonov\u00fdch krou\u017ek\u016f odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed odchylku zak\u0159iven\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad 5 Newtonov\u00fdch prstenc\u016f p\u0159edstavuje povrchovou odchylku 2,5\u03bb, co\u017e m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek chybu \u010dela \u010do\u010dky v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e \u03bb\/4.<\/li><\/ul>

        3.\u00a0Drsnost povrchu: \u201eNeviditeln\u00fd zabij\u00e1k\u201c laserov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f<\/strong><\/h3>

        Nadm\u011brn\u00e1 drsnost (>50\u00c5 RMS) zp\u016fsob\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed prahu po\u0161kozen\u00ed laseru. UV laserov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my vy\u017eaduj\u00ed drsnost \u22645\u00c5 RMS, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo katastrofick\u00e9mu selh\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9mu mikrotrhlinami (obr\u00e1zek 4).<\/p>

        Specifikace materi\u00e1lu: Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed povaha optick\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu<\/h2>

        Vlastnosti materi\u00e1lu ur\u010duj\u00ed lom, rozptyl a trvanlivost optick\u00fdch komponent, co\u017e je z\u00e1kladn\u00ed logika n\u00e1vrhu syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>

        1.\u00a0Index lomu a nehomogenita: Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed k\u00e1men n\u00e1vrhu optick\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy<\/strong><\/h3>
        • Rozsah indexu lomu<\/strong>: N-BK7 (1.517) a\u017e Germanium (4.003), infra\u010derven\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly vy\u017eaduj\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed design.<\/li>
        • \u00darove\u0148 nehomogenity<\/strong>: Vysoce rovnom\u011brn\u00e9 sklo (\u00farove\u0148 5) m\u016f\u017ee sn\u00ed\u017eit zkreslen\u00ed \u010dela vlny na m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e \u03bb\/10:<\/li><\/ul>
          \u00darove\u0148<\/th>Zm\u011bna indexu lomu (\u00d710\u207b\u2076)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
          0<\/td>\u00b150<\/td><\/tr>
          5<\/td>\u00b10,5<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

          2.\u00a0Koeficient chromatick\u00e9 disperze: Kl\u00ed\u010d ke kontrole aberace<\/strong><\/h3>

          Rozd\u00edl v rozptylu mezi korunkov\u00fdm sklem (Vd>55) a pazourkov\u00fdm sklem (Vd<50) lze vyu\u017e\u00edt v achromatick\u00e9m proveden\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad kombinace N-BK7 (Vd=64,2) a F2 (Vd=36,4) m\u016f\u017ee eliminovat sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed spektrum.<\/p>

          3.\u00a0Laser Damage Threshold: Life and Death Line vysokoenergetick\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>

          \"pr\u00e1h<\/p>

          Prahov\u00e1 hodnota z\u00e1vis\u00ed na typu pulzu (nap\u0159. Ti:Saf\u00edrov\u00e9 zrcadlo: 0,5 J\/cm\u00b2 @ 150 fs). Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed hustoty energie pod prahovou hodnotu expanz\u00ed paprsku m\u016f\u017ee prodlou\u017eit \u017eivotnost sou\u010d\u00e1sti.<\/p>

          souhrn<\/h2>

          V\u011bdeck\u00e1 definice optick\u00fdch parametr\u016f je j\u00e1drem vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdkonu, n\u00e1klad\u016f a v\u00fdrobn\u00ed proveditelnosti. V\u00fdrobn\u00ed specifikace zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed mechanickou p\u0159izp\u016fsobivost, povrchov\u00e9 specifikace ur\u010duj\u00ed optickou \u00fa\u010dinnost a materi\u00e1lov\u00e9 specifikace tvo\u0159\u00ed fyzick\u00fd z\u00e1klad. Dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm norem ISO, citov\u00e1n\u00edm autoritativn\u00edch sm\u011brnic (jako je Edmund Optics) a rozhodov\u00e1n\u00edm na z\u00e1klad\u011b dat mohou spole\u010dnosti optimalizovat n\u00e1vrh optick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f a zlep\u0161it konkurenceschopnost na trhu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Optimalizace v\u00fdkonu a kontrola n\u00e1klad\u016f optick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f z\u00e1vis\u00ed na p\u0159esn\u00e9 kontrole v\u00fdrobn\u00edch specifikac\u00ed, specifikac\u00ed povrchu a specifikac\u00ed materi\u00e1l\u016f. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":38238,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"Guide to Optical Parameters: Production, Surface and Material Specifications","_seopress_titles_desc":"The performance optimization and cost control of optical systems rely on the precise control of production specifications, surface specifications and material specifications.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"both","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":301,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_seopress_news_disabled":"","_seopress_video_disabled":"","_seopress_video":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas_manual":[],"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable_all":"","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[189,201],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38208","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-optical-components","category-technical-specifications"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38208","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38208"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38208\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38238"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38208"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38208"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38208"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}