{"id":38292,"date":"2025-04-06T15:18:18","date_gmt":"2025-04-06T15:18:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/?p=38292"},"modified":"2025-05-05T02:08:35","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T02:08:35","slug":"what-are-optical-filters-and-their-types","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/ar\/what-are-optical-filters-and-their-types\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"38292\" class=\"elementor elementor-38292\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e41c3c0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e41c3c0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element 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\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p>\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a 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<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/evidentscientific.com\/en\/microscope-resource\/knowledge-hub\/lightandcolor\/filtersintro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/a><\/em> <\/span>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u062f\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p><p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a:<\/p><ul><li><p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Optical_filter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/a> <\/strong><\/em><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/strong> \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p>\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p><h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3><p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635:<\/p><div class=\"qc-default-table-wrapper\"><table><colgroup> <col \/> <col \/><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u064a<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 1%\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a.<\/p><p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0643\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/p><h2>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h2><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-38370\" src=\"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/optical-filter-types.webp\" alt=\"\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/optical-filter-types.webp 800w, https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/optical-filter-types-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/optical-filter-types-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/optical-filter-types-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p><p>\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 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rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><h4>\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u061b \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631<\/h4><p>\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 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\u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644. \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642.<\/p><h4>\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 (ND)<\/h4><p>\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0641\u0650\u0651\u0636 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 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\u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062e\u0641\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p><h4>\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/h4><p>\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a 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style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 LVF \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0633\u0644.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p>\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 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rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p>\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c.<\/p><p>\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.viavisolutions.com\/en-us\/osp\/solutions\/optical-solutions-biomedical-applications\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/a><\/em>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649.<\/p><p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p><h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/h2><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-38369\" src=\"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/how-to-choose-optical-filter.webp\" alt=\"\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\" width=\"1280\" height=\"444\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/how-to-choose-optical-filter.webp 1280w, https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/how-to-choose-optical-filter-300x104.webp 300w, https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/how-to-choose-optical-filter-1024x355.webp 1024w, https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/how-to-choose-optical-filter-768x266.webp 768w, https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/how-to-choose-optical-filter-18x6.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/p><h3>\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643<\/h3><p>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d. \u0635\u064f\u0645\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.idex-hs.com\/resources\/resources-detail\/find-your-next-optical-filter-guide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0627\u062a<\/a> <\/strong><\/em><\/span>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p><blockquote><p><strong>\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/strong>\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644. \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p><\/blockquote><p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643\u060c \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p><ul><li><p>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u061f (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621)<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631\u061f<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0643.<\/p><h3>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a<\/h3><p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0643. \u0635\u064f\u0645\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 (UV)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 (NIR). \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644.<\/p><p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.idex-hs.com\/resources\/resources-detail\/advanced-spectral-measurement-system\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/em>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 KolaDeep SMS\u060c \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p><p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a:<\/p><ul><li><p>\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><blockquote><p><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629<\/strong>: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.idex-hs.com\/contact\/contact-us\/faqs\/optical-filters-faqs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/a> <\/em>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629.<\/p><\/blockquote><h3>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3><p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.laserfocusworld.com\/optics\/article\/16551522\/optical-filters-optical-filter-performance-keeps-improving-measurement-techniques-must-keep-pace\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 (OD) \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645<\/a><\/em> \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645 OD \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a.<\/p><p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p><ul><li><p>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629: \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633: \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 OD \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><blockquote><p><strong>\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/strong>:\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629. \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0643 \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/p><\/blockquote><p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p><h3>\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644<\/h3><p>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064c \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 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\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong>:\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><blockquote><p><strong>\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0643. \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645.<\/p><\/blockquote><p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/p><h3>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0643<\/h3><p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0643. \u0635\u064f\u0645\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u064b \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p><p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0642 \u0644\u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><blockquote><p><strong>\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/strong>:\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p><div class=\"qc-default-table-wrapper\"><table><colgroup> <col \/> <col \/><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644<\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <em><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11630-023-1808-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 732 \u06481067 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/a><\/em> \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635.<\/p><div class=\"qc-default-table-wrapper\"><table><colgroup> <col \/> <col \/><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/lsa201234\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/em>.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 0.0011% \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a CPV\/T.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><blockquote><p><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629<\/strong>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/p><\/blockquote><p>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064f\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p><h3>\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629<\/h3><p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p><p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646\u064d \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p><p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 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\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p><\/blockquote><p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643.<\/p><h2>\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h2><p>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644. \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p><h3>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/h3><p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629\u064b. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p><ol><li><p><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062e\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629<\/strong>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062e \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629. \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641<\/strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0647 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0627\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0628\u0644\u0637\u0641<\/strong>\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u062f\u0634\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631<\/strong>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><blockquote><p><strong>\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/strong>\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/blockquote><p>\u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u0631\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 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\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646:<\/p><ul><li><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/strong>\u062e\u0632\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 50%. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629<\/strong>:\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"qc-default-table-wrapper\"><table><colgroup> <col \/> <col \/><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.archives.gov\/preservation\/technical\/imaging-storage-report.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 50% \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629.<\/p><h3>\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h3><p>\u064a\u064f\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629:<\/p><ul><li><p><strong>\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629<\/strong>:\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u062f\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/strong>:\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0648\u062a \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0647.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/strong>: <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/gocodes.com\/equipment-maintenance-log\/?srsltid=AfmBOorsPLzAcR6UB4F6QarK3sDO1YMvKoaGNz4yiAGQPzRWvg5xVkIt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/a><\/em><\/span>\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"qc-default-table-wrapper\"><table><colgroup> <col \/> <col \/><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631<\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\/\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0630\u0648\u0630 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><blockquote><p><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629<\/strong>:\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/blockquote><p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643.<\/p><div class=\"qc-divider-wrapper\"><div class=\"qc-divider\">\u00a0<\/div><\/div><p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 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rowspan=\"1\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/p><\/th><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u064a\u062e\u0648\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0634\u064a\u062e\u0648\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 BrC\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p><h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/h2><h3>1. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h3><p>\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0634\u062f\u062a\u0647. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p><div class=\"qc-divider-wrapper\"><div class=\"qc-divider\">\u00a0<\/div><\/div><h3>2. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u064a\u061f<\/h3><p>\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/p><div class=\"qc-divider-wrapper\"><div class=\"qc-divider\">\u00a0<\/div><\/div><h3>3. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621\u061f<\/h3><p>\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u0648\u0642 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