{"id":32894,"date":"2024-01-07T13:06:16","date_gmt":"2024-01-07T13:06:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/?p=32894"},"modified":"2025-02-02T14:52:31","modified_gmt":"2025-02-02T14:52:31","slug":"guide-to-ball-lenses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/ar\/guide-to-ball-lenses\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"32894\" class=\"elementor elementor-32894\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca5b3b1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ca5b3b1\" data-element_type=\"container\" 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rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629\u061b \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629:<\/p><pre><code>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a (f) = R \/ (2 * (n - 1))\n<\/code><\/pre><p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c &quot;R&quot; \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648&quot;n&quot; \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a.<\/p><h4>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629)<\/h4><p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/p><ul><li><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633<\/strong>:\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629<\/strong>:\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p>\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/p><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span id=\"Essential_Equations_for_Using_Ball_Lenses\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/h2><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c99e0db elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c99e0db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2742c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d2742c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"attachment-medium wp-image-28626\" src=\"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/ball-lens-1-300x242.webp\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/ball-lens-1-300x242.webp 300w, https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/ball-lens-1-768x620.webp 768w, https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/ball-lens-1-600x485.webp 600w, https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/ball-lens-1.webp 800w\" alt=\"\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 1\" width=\"319\" height=\"258\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9accdba elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9accdba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span id=\"1_Effective_Focal_Length_EFL\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 (EFL):<\/span><\/h3><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16be818 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"16be818\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><ul><li>\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629:\u00a0<span class=\"math math-inline\"><span class=\"math math-inline\"><span class=\"math math-inline\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\"><br \/><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/mi><mi><\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mn>4<\/mn><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>\u0646<\/mi><mo>-<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/mfrac><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 EFL \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 (D) \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 (n). \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 EFL \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc2893c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fc2893c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span id=\"2_Back_Focal_Length_BFL\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a (BFL):<\/span><\/h3><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2025af1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2025af1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><ul><li>\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629:\u00a0<span class=\"math math-inline\"><span class=\"math math-inline\"><span class=\"math math-inline\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\"><br \/><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>\u0628\u0641\u0644<\/mi><mi><\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mi>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/mi><mo>-<\/mo><mfrac><mi>\u062f<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/mfrac><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"math math-inline\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist-s\">6. \u200b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li>\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 EFL \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 (D)\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 BFL \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b87d405 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b87d405\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span id=\"3_Numerical_Aperture_NA_for_Collimated_Incident_Light\">\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 (NA) \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a:<\/span><\/h3><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9bed3b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f9bed3b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><ul><li>\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629:<span class=\"math math-inline\"><span class=\"math math-inline\"><span class=\"math math-inline\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\"><br \/><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi><\/mi><mo>\u0630\u0644\u0643=<\/mo><mfrac><mn>1<\/mn><msqrt><mrow><mn>1<\/mn><mo>+<\/mo><mn>4<\/mn><msup><mrow><mo fence=\"true\">(<\/mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mn>4<\/mn><mi>\u062f<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>\u0646<\/mi><mo>-<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/mfrac><mo fence=\"true\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><mn>2\u200b<\/mn><\/msup><\/mrow><\/msqrt><\/mfrac><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li>\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 (D)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 (n)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 (d). \u0648\u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a 1.<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3af7f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b3af7f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span id=\"4_NA_in_the_Paraxial_Limit\">NA \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a:<\/span><\/h3><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7dacca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e7dacca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><div class=\"elementor-widget-container\"><ul><li>\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629:\u00a0<span class=\"math math-inline\"><span class=\"math math-inline\"><span class=\"math math-inline\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\"><br \/><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a - \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>2<\/mn><mi>\u062f<\/mi><mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mi>\u0646<\/mi><mo>-<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><mrow><mi>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mfrac><\/mrow><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><li>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647.<\/p><blockquote><p><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629:<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p><\/blockquote><h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 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left;\">\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/p><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644<\/p><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/p><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c N-BK7<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0643. \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0643.<\/p><h2>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h2><h3>\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h3><p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/p><ul><li><p><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631 (\u0646)<\/strong>:\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a<\/strong>:\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642<\/strong>:\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633<\/strong>:\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><blockquote><p><strong>\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/strong>:\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/p><\/blockquote><h3>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629)<\/h3><p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627:<\/p><div class=\"qc-default-table-wrapper\"><table><colgroup> <col \/> <col \/><\/colgroup><tbody><tr><th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/p><\/th><th style=\"text-align: left;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/p><\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062d \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0643 \u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"text-align: left;\" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p>\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p>\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629. \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p><div class=\"qc-divider-wrapper\"><div class=\"qc-divider\">\u00a0<\/div><\/div><h2>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 (\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629)<\/h2><p>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627:<\/p><ul><li><p><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br \/>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br \/>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/strong><br \/>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647. \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a LPCVD\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br \/>\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7197c0b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7197c0b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-872a3ef elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"872a3ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0630\u0648 \u0635\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29954ee elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"29954ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/ar\/ball-lenses\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/what-is-a-ball-lens.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-31778\" alt=\"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/what-is-a-ball-lens.webp 750w, https:\/\/chineselens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/what-is-a-ball-lens-300x200.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159a8d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"159a8d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/ar\/ball-lenses\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31779,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"Guide to Ball Lenses","_seopress_titles_desc":"Discover the unique properties, applications, and advantages of ball lenses in fiber optics, medical devices, imaging systems, and 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lenses,guide to ball lenses","_seopress_news_disabled":"","_seopress_video_disabled":"","_seopress_video":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas_manual":[],"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable_all":"","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[186],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-optical-lens"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32894","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32894"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32894\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31779"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32894"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32894"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chineselens.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32894"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}